—applied like a function phrase before a correct noun to differentiate the condition on the referent from the usual, former, or hypothetical issueWithin the Worldwide Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨a⟩ is utilized for the open up entrance unrounded vowel, ⟨ä⟩ is employed for the open central unrounded vowel, and ⟨ɑ⟩ is useful for the open back